In the first grammar lesson, we'll be talking about pronouns.
The Swedish pronouns are:
Jag - I
Du - Thou/You
Han - He
Hon - She
Den/det - It
Vi - We
Ni - Ye/You
De - They
These pronouns are always first in a sentence.
The reflexive pronouns are:
Mig - Me
Dig - Thee/You
Honom - Him
Henne - Her
Den/det - It
Oss - Us
Er - You
Dem - Them
These are used when a person is affected by the verb rather than the person affecting, for example Ät mig is Eat me.
It's also put in sentences even though there already is a pronoun that the reflexive pronoun is based of, for example Nu ska jag lära mig kinesiska is Now I'm gonna learn [me/myself] Chinese.
The possessive pronouns are:
Min/mitt/mina - My
Din/ditt/dina - Thy/Your
Hans - His
Hennes - Her
Dennes - Its
Vår(an)/Vår(a)t/Våra - Our
Er(an)/Er(a)t/Era - Your
Deras - Their
The first word is in uter gender. The second word is in neuter gender. The third word is in plural, regardless of the gender.
The reason that an and a was in paranthesis was that they're usually dropped in everyday speech, hence vårt/ert is pronounced with a retroflex T.
The possessive pronoun is always before the noun, but at times it may appear after the noun, but that's only in poems. When that occurs, the noun is in definite form.
Min häst is My horse. Hästen min is The horse of mine or My horse.
We'll talk more about gender and how they affect the language in the next lesson.
Also, there are no words meaning mine/of mine, your/of yours, etc.
The possessive pronouns are used instead.
That wraps up the pronouns. See you in the next lesson.
fredag 26 februari 2010
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